| Formation of Soils | |
| Type of Soil | How formed |
| Alluvial Soil | By silt deposition brought by rivers. |
| Black Soil | By weathering of lava deposits on the Deccan Plateau. |
| Red and Yellow Soil | By weathering old crystalline or metamorphic rocks. |
| Laterite Soil | Due to leaching by heavy rains and destruction of humus by bacteria. |
| Arid Soil | By weathering of rocks in dry conditions. |
| Saline Soil | By salt deposition by tides, rivers or sea breeze. |
| Peaty Soil | Due to accumulation of larges amounts of organic matter in the soil. |